Section 1.1: Mathematics Library

The math library in Python provides access to a variety of mathematical functions and formulas. Common operations include arithmetic and trigonometric calculations.

Example in Python:

#import the math library

import math

#The CEIL function

print(math.ceil(2.9)) # Output: 3

print(math.ceil(2.2)) # Output: 3

#The FLOOR function

print(math.floor(6.1)) # Output: 6

print(math.floor(6.9)) # Output: 6

#The SIN function

print(math.sin(0.00)) # Output: 0.0

print(math.sin(90.00)) # Output: 0.8939966636005579

#The Power function

print(math.pow(2, 4)) # Output: 16.0

#The RADIAN function

print(math.radians(90)) # Output: 1.5707963267948966

print(math.radians(-60)) # Output: -1.0471975511965976

Section 1.2: OS Interface Library

This library allows interaction with the operating system, enabling tasks such as reading, writing, and manipulating files and directories.

Example in Python:

#importing the OS library

import os

#Working directory

print(os.getcwd()) # Output: 'C:\Users\Amit'

#List of functions in OS

print(dir(os))

#List of files in the directory

path = 'C:\Users\Amit'

dirs = os.listdir(path)

for file in dirs:

print(file)

Section 1.3: Wildcards

Wildcards are utilized in regular expressions for searching or modifying characters within programs or operating systems. Common symbols include the dot (.), asterisk (*), and question mark (?).

Example in Python:

# Regular expression library

import re

#List of words

list1 = ["dark", "red", "darker", "blue", "darkiest", "orange"]

for word in list1:

if re.search('dark*', word):

print(word) # Output: dark, darker, darkiest

Section 1.4: Command-Line Arguments

Command-line arguments are typically managed using the sys module and require argv to access the list of arguments. These are utilized and maintained by the interpreter.

Example in Python:

#Importing library and getting the first element of argv list

import sys

print(sys.argv[0]) # Output: C:UsersAmitAnaconda3libsite-packagesipykernel_launcher.py

Section 1.5: String Pattern Matching

The re module facilitates string processing through pattern searching.

Example in Python:

#import the library

import re

#Finding occurrences of "it"

str = "Sumit knows Amit"

find = re.findall("it", str)

print(find) # Output: ['it', 'it']

#Searching for a word's position

str = "The search function can search the word in the sentence"

a = re.search("can", str)

print(a) # Outputs the position of "can" in the string

Section 1.6: Dates and Times

This library is essential for manipulating date and time data, allowing extraction of valuable information.

Example in Python:

#import the library

from datetime import date

today_date = date.today()

print(today_date) # Output: current date

#Calculating days from birthday

birthday = date(1998, 7, 31)

age = today_date - birthday

print(age.days) # Output: number of days since birthday

Section 1.7: Data Compression

This library is useful for compressing and decompressing data to save memory. Common functions include zlib, tarfile, and zipfile.

Example in Python:

#import the library

import zlib

str1 = b'The search function can search the word in the sentence'

print(len(str1)) # Output: 55

#Compressing the data

com_str = zlib.compress(str1)

print(len(com_str)) # Output: length of compressed data

Section 1.8: Quality Control

This library is crucial for testing the functionality of programs. The doctest module checks if the program works as intended.

Example in Python:

def average(nums):

"""Computing average of the numbers

print(average([3,4,5,6,7,8])) # Output: 5.5

"""

return sum(nums) / len(nums)

print(average([3,4,5,6,7,8]))

#To run doctest:

# By typing -v in the command line

# $ python average.py -v